The trends on plants in the prevention and treatment of the COVID-19

Phytonutrients in the diet (originating from fruits and vegetables) generally promote immune responses, due to the presence of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds. These include phenolic compounds, flavonoids, carotenoids and vitamins of complex B, C, D and E, in addition to iron, selenium and zinc. The strategy of providing a diet with anti-inflammatory compounds has proven to be a viable option for managing COVID-19. The insufficiency of micronutrients and others nutritional aspects, have been shown to affect the clinical course of the disease[4].

Identifying the antiviral mechanisms, of these herbal medicinal products has elucidated on how and where they interact or interrupt with the viral life cycle. This includes viral input, replication, assembly and release, as well as virus-specific interactions [1,2] .
The greatest advantage of using products that originate from plants to produce vaccines is the inability they have to replicate human pathogens, because these products can diminishing the risk of contamination and making the purification process less strident. In otherwise they can be produced in massive quantities by molecular farming in plants, reducing the cust of production [2,3] .
Phytonutrients in the diet (originating from fruits and vegetables) generally promote immune responses, due to the presence of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds. These include phenolic compounds, flavonoids, carotenoids and vitamins of complex B, C, D and E, in addition to iron, selenium and zinc. The strategy of providing a diet with anti-inflammatory compounds has proven to be a viable option for managing COVID-19. The insufficiency of micronutrients and others nutritional aspects, have been shown to affect the clinical course of the disease [4] .
Flavonoids belong to a group of secondary metabolites by plants with a polyphenolic structure, which is widely found in fruits and vegetables. They have a biochemical and antioxidant effect in some diseases. The effects are as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagens, anti-cancer-causing and antiviral activity, associated with the ability to control major cell enzyme functions. Specifically, apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, amentoflavone, puerarin, epigallocatechin, epigallocatechin gallate, gallocatechin gallate and kaempferol, these show the ability to inhibit the proteolytic activity of SARS-CoV 3CLpro [5] .
Ocasionally Chinese medicinal herbs have been used in the treatment of viral epidemics in some countries.
China and South Korea have produced a protocol that considers the use of these components in the treatment of COVID-19. The SARS-CoV2 (similar to SARS-CoV) uses the ACE-2 receiver as the gateway to the cell. Some compounds can inhibit infection because they have the same virus receptor, so the compound blocks the receptor and blocks the virus from accessing the cell. Thus, herbal compounds that have this binding capability with the ACE-2 receptor have been used in China and Korea in the treatment of COVID-19, such as, Glycyrrhiza uralensis [6] .

Plant bioreactors that can be used in the development of oral vaccines
Antígeno Viral S1 Antígeno Viral N 1.60 (0.50) µg [3,7,11] Nicotiana benthamiana Viral growth inhibitor. Studying its use for creating a vaccin.