Antimycobacterial and antibiofilm activity of Bauhinia forficata subsp. pruinosa leaf extract

MSc. Maiara Oliveira Jantsch
Vanessa Amaral Ribeiro
Gustavo Andrade Ugalde
Janice de Fátima Facco
Marli Matiko Anraku de Campos

    MSc. Maiara Oliveira Jantsch

    Federal University of Santa Maria

    OrcID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1881-6759

    Licenciada em Ciências Biológicas pela Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (URI), Especialista em Análises Clínicas pela Universidade Franciscana (UFN), Mestre em Ciências da Saúde e da Vida (UFN). Doutoranda no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas - Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, pela Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM).

    Vanessa Amaral Ribeiro

    Federal University of Pelotas

    OrcID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9767-5842

    Técnica em Química com Ênfase em Produção Industrial. Graduada em Engenharia de Alimentos e licenciada em Química pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG). Mestre e Doutora em Engenharia e Ciência de Alimentos pela FURG. Técnica de laboratório no Centro de Ciências da Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos da Universidade Federal de Pelotas.

    Gustavo Andrade Ugalde

    Federal University of Santa Maria

    OrcID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6626-2781

    Graduado em Farmácia pela Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Mestre em Ciências Farmacêuticas (UFSM) e Doutorando no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas - Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas (UFSM). Técnico de laboratório na área de Química do Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária da UFSM

    Janice de Fátima Facco

    Federal University of Santa Maria

    OrcID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9000-5215

    Licenciada em Química pela Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Mestre em Química Analítica (UFSM), Doutora em Química (UFSM).  Técnica de laboratório na área de Química no Departamento de Farmácia Industrial da UFSM.

    Marli Matiko Anraku de Campos

    Federal University of Santa Maria

    OrcID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9851-7793

    Graduada em Farmácia Bioquímica pela Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Mestre em Ciências Biológicas - Microbiologia Aplicada (UNESP) e Doutora em Farmácia - Análises Clínicas pela Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Professora Titular da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM).

Keywords

Nontuberculous mycobacteria
Biofilms
Drug resistance bacterial
Phytochemicals
Bauhinia forficata

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of Bauhinia forficata subsp. pruinosa leaf extract on four mycobacterial species and their biofilms, as well as its phenolic content. Phytochemical assays (total phenolic and flavonoid content, chromatographic analysis) and microbiological evaluations (minimum inhibitory concentration – MIC; minimum bactericidal concentration – MBC, time-kill curve, checkerboard assay, and antibiofilm assessment) were performed. Rutin was identified as the major compound. The extract exhibited an MIC of 0.31 mg/mL-1 for all tested strains; however, Mycobacteroides massiliense showed lower susceptibility, considering its MBC value and behavior in the time-kill curve. Additionally, the extract inhibited and eradicated biofilms of M. massiliense and Mycolicibacterium fortuitum and eradicated those of Mycobacteroides abscessus and Mycolicibacterium smegmatis when applied at the MIC value. Furthermore, the extract displayed an additive effect against M. abscessus and M. smegmatis in combination with clarithromycin and against M. massiliense when combined with imipenem. This study is the first to report the in vitro antimycobacterial and antibiofilm activity of B. forficata subsp. pruinosa leaf extract. The positive effects observed are partially attributed to the flavonol rutin. Our findings suggest its potential use as an adjuvant in the treatment of mycobacterial infections, addressing antibiotic resistance issues.

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Antimycobacterial and antibiofilm activity of Bauhinia forficata subsp. pruinosa leaf extract. Rev Fitos [Internet]. 2026 Jan. 12 [cited 2026 Jul. 30];20:e1836. Available from: https://revistafitos.far.fiocruz.br/index.php/revista-fitos/article/view/1836
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