Cynara scolymus L. (Alcachofra)

A. S. Botsaris; L. F. Alves

doi:10.32712/2446-4775.2007.74

Cynara scolymus L. (Alcachofra)

v. 3 n. 02 (2007)
51-63
18/10/2013
01/06/2007
https://doi.org/10.32712/2446-4775.2007.74

A. S. Botsaris
L. F. Alves

Palavras-chave

Alcachofra

Nutracêutico

Substâncias Antioxidantes

Flavonóides

Planta Medicinal

Resumo

Devido as suas propriedades antioxidantes e seqüestrador de radicais livres, os extratos da alcachofra têm sido usados na medicina popular como hepatoprotetor, no tratamento de doenças cardiovasculares e na inibição da biossíntese do colesterol. Os flavonóides e os polifenóis presentes nesses extratos são os responsáveis por essas ações.

Referências

ADZET, T.A.; CAMARASA, J.; LAGUNA. J.C. Hepaptoprotective activity of polyphenolic compounds from Cynara scolymus against CCl4 toxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes. Journal of Natural Products, v.50, p.612-617, 1987.
ADZET, T.A.; PUIGMACIA, M. High Performance Liquid Chromatography of Caffeoylquinic acid derivatives of Cynara scolymus L. leaves. Journal of Chromatography A, v.348, p.447-453, 1985.
ALONSO, J. Tratado de Fitofármacos y Nutraceuticos. Editora Corpus. Argentina, 2004
BANDYOPADHYAY, D.; CHATTOPADHYAY, A.; GHOSH, G.; DATTA, A.S. Oxidative Stress-Induced Ischemic Heart Disease: Protection by Antioxidants. Current Medicinal Chemistry, v.11, p.369-387, 2004.
BARREIROS, A.L.B; DAVID, J.; DAVID, J.M. Estresse oxidativo: relação entre geração de espécies reativas e defesa do organismo. Química Nova, v.29, p.113-123, 2006.
BARRETO, R.L.; CORREIA, C.R.D; MUSCARÁ, M.N. Óxido nítrico: propriedades e potencial terapêutico. Química Nova, v. 2, p. 1046-1054, 2005.
BECKMAN, J.S.; KOPPENOL, W.H. Nitric oxide, superoxide, and peroxynitrite: the good, the bad, and the ugly. American Journal of Physiology, v.271, p.1424-1437, 1996.
BERRA, C.M, MENCK, C.F.M. e MASCIO, P. Estress oxidativo, lesões e processos de sinalização no controle do ciclo celular. Química Nova, v.29, p.1340-1344, 2006.
BLUMENTHAL, M. Herbal Medicine. American Botanical Council. New York, 2000.
BOTSARIS, A.S. As Fórmulas Mágicas das Plantas, 2ª Edição. Ed. Nova Era, p. 234-237, 1997.
BRITISH PHARMACOPOEIA. Artichoke, British Herbal Medicine Association. Londres, p. 26-27, 1996.
BROWN, J.E; RICE-EVANS, C.A. Luteolin-rich artichoke extract protects low density lipoprotein from oxidation in vitro. Free Radical Research v.29, p.247-255, 1998.
BUNDY, R.; WALKER, A. F.; MIDDLETON, R. W.; MARAKIS, G.; BOOTH, J. C. Artichoke leaf extract reduces symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and improves quality of life in otherwise healthy volunteers suffering from concomitant dyspepsia: a subset analysis. Alternative Complementary Medicine, v.10, N.4, p.667-669, 2004.
CAI, H.; HARRISON, D.G. Endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases. Circulation Research, v.87, p.840-844, 2000.
CARVALHO, J.C.T.; GOSMANN, G. e SCHENKEL, E.P. Compostos fenólicos simples e heterosídeos. In: Farmacognosia: Da Planta ao Medicamento, Simões, C.M.O.; Schenkel, E.P.; Gosmann, G,; Palazzo de Melo, J.C.; Mentz, L.A.; Petrovick. P.R. eds. Editora da UFRGS/ Editora da UFSC. Porto Alegre/Florianópolis, p. 519-535, 2003.
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EMENDORFER, F,; EMENDORFER. F., BELLATO, F., NOIDIN, V.F., NIERO, R., CECHINEL-FILHO, V.; CARDOZO, A, M. Evaluation of the relaxant action of some Brazilian medicinal plants in isolated guinea-pig ileum duodenum. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, v.18, p.63-68, 2005a.
EMENDORFER, F.; EMENDORFER, F.; BELLATO, F.; NOIDIN, V.F.; CECHINEL-FILHO, V.; YUNES, R.A.; MONACHE, F.D.; CARDOZO, A.M. Antispasmodic activity of fractions and cynaropicrin from Cynara scoluymus L. on guinea-pig ileum. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, v.28, p.902-904, 2005b.
ENGLISCH, W.; BECKERS, C.; UNKAUF, M.; RUEPP, M E ZINSERLING, V. Efficacy of Artichoke Dry Extract in patients with hyperlipoproteinemia. Arzneimittel Forschung / Drug Research v.50,
p.260-265, 2000.
FLORA, R.F.; ZILBERSTEIN, B. Óxido nítrico: o simples mensageiro percorrendo a complexidade. Metabolismo, síntese e funções. Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira, v.46, p.265-271, 2000.
FUHRMAN, B.; AVIRAM, M. Flavonoids protect LDL from oxidation and attenuates atherosclerose. Current Opinion in Lipidology, v.12, p.41-48, 2001.
GARCIA, A.A. Fitoterapia: Vademecum de Prescriptiones. Masson. Barcelona, 2000.
GEBHARDT, R. Antioxidative and protective properties of extracts from leaves of the artichoke (Cynara scolymus) against hydroperoxide-induced oxidative stress in cultured rat hepatocytes. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, v.144, p.279-286, 1997.
GEBHARDT, R. Inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis in primary cultured rat hepatocytes by artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) extracts. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, v.286, p.274-286, 1998.
GEBHARDT, R. Anticholestatic activityt of flavonoids from artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) and their metabolites. Medicinal Science Monitor, suppl.1, p.316-320, 2001.
GEBHARDT, R. Inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis in HepG2 cells by artichoke extracts is reinforced by glucosidase pretreatment. Phytotherapy Research, v.16, p.368-372, 2002.
GRANDE, S.; BOGANI, P.; SAIZIIEU, A.; SCHUELLE, G.; GALL, C.; VISIOLI, F. Vasomodulating potential of Mediterranean Wild Plant Extracts. Joiurnal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, v.52, p.5021-5026, 2004.
GUARATINI, T.; MEDEIROS, M.H.G.; COLEPICOLO, P. Antioxidantes na manutenção do equilíbrio redox cutâneo: uso e avaliação da sua eficácia. Química Nova, v.30, p.206-213, 2007.
HECKERS, H.; DITTMAR, K.; SCHMAHL, F.W.; HUTH, K. Inefficiency of cynarin as therapeutic regimen in familial type II hyperlipoiproteinaemia. Atherosclerose, v.26, p.249-253, 1997.
HINOU, J., HARVALA, C.; PHILIANOS, S. Polyphenolic substances of Cynara scolymus L. leaves. Annales Pharmaceutique de France, v.47, p.95-98, 1985. Artigo em francês. PubMed (acessado em 30 de abril de 2007).
HOLTMANN, G.; ADAM, B.; HAAG, S.; COLLET, W.; GRUNEWALD, E.; WINDECK, T. Efficacy of artichoke leaf extract in the treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia: a six week placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicentre trial. Alimentary Pharmacological Therapy, v.18, p.1099-10105, 2003.
JIMÉNEZ-ESCRIG, A.; DRAGSTED, L.O.; DANESHVAR, B.; PULIDO, R.; SAURA-CALIXTO, F. In vitro antioxidant activities of edible artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) and effect on biomarkers of artichoke in rats. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, v.51, p.5540-5545, 2003.
KING, P.J.; MA, G.X.; MIAO, W.F.; JIA, Q.; McDOUGALL, B.R.; REINECKE, M.G.; CORNELL, C.; KUAN, J.; KIM, T.R.; ROBINSON, W.E. Structureactivity relationships: analogues of the dicaffeoylquinic and dicaffeoiltartaric acids as potent inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase and replication. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, v.42, p.497-509, 1999.
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Autor(es)

A. S. Botsaris
Instituto Brasileiro de Plantas Medicinais, IBPM, Rua General Urquiza 128, Leblon, 22431-040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
L. F. Alves
Programa de Pós Graduação em História da Ciência e das Técnicas Epistemológicas, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco A, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, C.P. 6851, Ilha do Fundão, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

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Cynara scolymus L. (Alcachofra). Rev Fitos [Internet]. 1º de junho de 2007 [citado 21º de novembro de 2024];3(02):51-63. Disponível em: https://revistafitos.far.fiocruz.br/index.php/revista-fitos/article/view/74

Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

[1] ADZET, T.A.; CAMARASA, J.; LAGUNA. J.C. Hepaptoprotective activity of polyphenolic compounds from Cynara scolymus against CCl4 toxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes. Journal of Natural Products, v.50, p.612-617, 1987.

[2] ADZET, T.A.; PUIGMACIA, M. High Performance Liquid Chromatography of Caffeoylquinic acid derivatives of Cynara scolymus L. leaves. Journal of Chromatography A, v.348, p.447-453, 1985.

[3] ALONSO, J. Tratado de Fitofármacos y Nutraceuticos. Editora Corpus. Argentina, 2004

[4] BANDYOPADHYAY, D.; CHATTOPADHYAY, A.; GHOSH, G.; DATTA, A.S. Oxidative Stress-Induced Ischemic Heart Disease: Protection by Antioxidants. Current Medicinal Chemistry, v.11, p.369-387, 2004.

[5] BARREIROS, A.L.B; DAVID, J.; DAVID, J.M. Estresse oxidativo: relação entre geração de espécies reativas e defesa do organismo. Química Nova, v.29, p.113-123, 2006.

[6] BARRETO, R.L.; CORREIA, C.R.D; MUSCARÁ, M.N. Óxido nítrico: propriedades e potencial terapêutico. Química Nova, v. 2, p. 1046-1054, 2005.

[7] BECKMAN, J.S.; KOPPENOL, W.H. Nitric oxide, superoxide, and peroxynitrite: the good, the bad, and the ugly. American Journal of Physiology, v.271, p.1424-1437, 1996.

[8] BERRA, C.M, MENCK, C.F.M. e MASCIO, P. Estress oxidativo, lesões e processos de sinalização no controle do ciclo celular. Química Nova, v.29, p.1340-1344, 2006.

[9] BLUMENTHAL, M. Herbal Medicine. American Botanical Council. New York, 2000.

[10] BOTSARIS, A.S. As Fórmulas Mágicas das Plantas, 2ª Edição. Ed. Nova Era, p. 234-237, 1997.

[11] BRITISH PHARMACOPOEIA. Artichoke, British Herbal Medicine Association. Londres, p. 26-27, 1996.

[12] BROWN, J.E; RICE-EVANS, C.A. Luteolin-rich artichoke extract protects low density lipoprotein from oxidation in vitro. Free Radical Research v.29, p.247-255, 1998.

[13] BUNDY, R.; WALKER, A. F.; MIDDLETON, R. W.; MARAKIS, G.; BOOTH, J. C. Artichoke leaf extract reduces symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and improves quality of life in otherwise healthy volunteers suffering from concomitant dyspepsia: a subset analysis. Alternative Complementary Medicine, v.10, N.4, p.667-669, 2004.

[14] CAI, H.; HARRISON, D.G. Endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases. Circulation Research, v.87, p.840-844, 2000.

[15] CARVALHO, J.C.T.; GOSMANN, G. e SCHENKEL, E.P. Compostos fenólicos simples e heterosídeos. In: Farmacognosia: Da Planta ao Medicamento, Simões, C.M.O.; Schenkel, E.P.; Gosmann, G,; Palazzo de Melo, J.C.; Mentz, L.A.; Petrovick. P.R. eds. Editora da UFRGS/ Editora da UFSC. Porto Alegre/Florianópolis, p. 519-535, 2003.

[16] DUSSE, L.M.S.; VIEIRA, L.M.; CARVALHO, M.G. Revisão sobre o óxido nítrico. Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia Médica e Laboratorial, v.39, p.343-350, 2003.

[17] EMENDORFER, F,; EMENDORFER. F., BELLATO, F., NOIDIN, V.F., NIERO, R., CECHINEL-FILHO, V.; CARDOZO, A, M. Evaluation of the relaxant action of some Brazilian medicinal plants in isolated guinea-pig ileum duodenum. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, v.18, p.63-68, 2005a.

[18] EMENDORFER, F.; EMENDORFER, F.; BELLATO, F.; NOIDIN, V.F.; CECHINEL-FILHO, V.; YUNES, R.A.; MONACHE, F.D.; CARDOZO, A.M. Antispasmodic activity of fractions and cynaropicrin from Cynara scoluymus L. on guinea-pig ileum. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, v.28, p.902-904, 2005b.

[19] ENGLISCH, W.; BECKERS, C.; UNKAUF, M.; RUEPP, M E ZINSERLING, V. Efficacy of Artichoke Dry Extract in patients with hyperlipoproteinemia. Arzneimittel Forschung / Drug Research v.50,

[20] p.260-265, 2000.

[21] FLORA, R.F.; ZILBERSTEIN, B. Óxido nítrico: o simples mensageiro percorrendo a complexidade. Metabolismo, síntese e funções. Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira, v.46, p.265-271, 2000.

[22] FUHRMAN, B.; AVIRAM, M. Flavonoids protect LDL from oxidation and attenuates atherosclerose. Current Opinion in Lipidology, v.12, p.41-48, 2001.

[23] GARCIA, A.A. Fitoterapia: Vademecum de Prescriptiones. Masson. Barcelona, 2000.

[24] GEBHARDT, R. Antioxidative and protective properties of extracts from leaves of the artichoke (Cynara scolymus) against hydroperoxide-induced oxidative stress in cultured rat hepatocytes. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, v.144, p.279-286, 1997.

[25] GEBHARDT, R. Inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis in primary cultured rat hepatocytes by artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) extracts. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, v.286, p.274-286, 1998.

[26] GEBHARDT, R. Anticholestatic activityt of flavonoids from artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) and their metabolites. Medicinal Science Monitor, suppl.1, p.316-320, 2001.

[27] GEBHARDT, R. Inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis in HepG2 cells by artichoke extracts is reinforced by glucosidase pretreatment. Phytotherapy Research, v.16, p.368-372, 2002.

[28] GRANDE, S.; BOGANI, P.; SAIZIIEU, A.; SCHUELLE, G.; GALL, C.; VISIOLI, F. Vasomodulating potential of Mediterranean Wild Plant Extracts. Joiurnal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, v.52, p.5021-5026, 2004.

[29] GUARATINI, T.; MEDEIROS, M.H.G.; COLEPICOLO, P. Antioxidantes na manutenção do equilíbrio redox cutâneo: uso e avaliação da sua eficácia. Química Nova, v.30, p.206-213, 2007.

[30] HECKERS, H.; DITTMAR, K.; SCHMAHL, F.W.; HUTH, K. Inefficiency of cynarin as therapeutic regimen in familial type II hyperlipoiproteinaemia. Atherosclerose, v.26, p.249-253, 1997.

[31] HINOU, J., HARVALA, C.; PHILIANOS, S. Polyphenolic substances of Cynara scolymus L. leaves. Annales Pharmaceutique de France, v.47, p.95-98, 1985. Artigo em francês. PubMed (acessado em 30 de abril de 2007).

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