Scientific evidence of medicinal plants in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea and premenstrual syndrome: Integrative Review

Ana Paula Robert
Maria Helena Durães Alves Monteiro
OrcID

Keywords

Medicinal plants
Phytotherapy
Dysmenorrhea
Premenstrual Syndrome
Menstrual cramps

Abstract

The prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea (painful menstrual cramps) accompanied by premenstrual syndrome is a daily phenomenon in the experience of many women. The objective of this research was to analyze evidence of the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants in the treatment of dysmenorrhea and premenstrual syndrome. An integrative review was carried out in the Virtual Health Library and Pubmed databases, from 2002 to 2022, in Portuguese and English, following the inclusion criteria of clinical trials and systematic reviews with metanalysis. The contemplated plants were: Acteae racemosa, Anethum graveolens, Angelica sinensis, Artemisia vulgaris, Borago officinalis, Cinnamomum verum, Dioscorea villosa, funcho – Foeniculum vulgare, Himatanthus bracteatus, Leonurus sibiricus, Oenothera biennis, Origanum majorana, Salvia officinalis e  Vitex agnus-castus. Except for one clinical trial, all others have seen considerable improvements in outcomes. Dill and fennel showed no significant difference compared to treatment with mefenamic acid, being effective in reducing pain and guinea fowl observed similar effectiveness in reducing pain intensity when compared to the use of contraceptives. The findings suggest the nedd for standardization of extraces in trials, larger samples and description of adverse events.

References

  1. Bernardino ML. Prevalência de Dismenorreia em mulheres brasileiras. São Carlos; 2020. Trabalho de Conclusão do Curso [Graduação em Fisioterapia]– Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde – Departamento de Fisioterapia. Universidade Federal de São Carlos. UFSCar. São Carlos. SP. 2020.[https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/handle/ufscar/14612/TG3MarianaLara.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y].
  2. Direkvand-Moghadam A, Kourosh S,Delpisheh A, Satar K. Epidemiology of Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2014 Feb;8(2):106-9. [acesso em: 10 Nov. 2022] ISSN 0973-709X. [https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2014/8024.4021].
  3. Sevciuc B, Araújo L. Eu mais velha. 1ª ed. Curitiba: Arte editora; 2020. ISBN 978-65-869-2502-9.
  4. Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Ciência, Tecnologia e Insumos Estratégicos. Departamento de Assistência Farmacêutica. Política Nacional de Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos. Brasília, DF, 2006. [https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/composicao/sectics/daf/pnpmf/ppnpmf].
  5. Ferdinand M. Uma Ecologia Decolonial: pensar a partir do mundo caribenho. 1ª ed. França: Ubu Editora; 2022. ASIN B0B2CLDGJF.
  6. Saad GA, Léda PHO, Manzali-de-Sá I, Seixlack ACC. Fitoterapia Contemporânea: Tradição e Ciência na Prática Clínica. 3ª ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 2021. ISBN 978-85-277-3750-0.
  7. Carmona F. Curso de Fitoterapia Aplicada da Farmácia da Natureza, 2020, Ribeirão Preto. Ribeirão Preto: UNAERPE, USP, Terra de Ismael, 2020.
  8. Flora e Funga do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Disponível em: [http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/]. [acesso em: 15 jul. 2023].
  9. Tropicos. United States ofAmerica: Missouri Botanical Garden. 2020. [acesso em: 2022 out 4]. [https://www.tropicos.org/].
  10. Shea BJ, Reeves BC, Wells G et al. AMSTAR 2: a critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews that include randomized or non-randomised studies of healthcare interventions, or both. BMJ. 2017; 358: j4008. ISSN 09598146. [https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.j4008].
  11. Ouzzani M, Hammady H, Fedorowicz Z, Elmagarmid A. Rayyan — a web and mobile app for systematic reviews. Syst Rev. 2016; 5: 210. ISSN 2046-4053.[https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-016-0384-4].
  12. Brasil. Formulário de Fitoterápicos da Farmacopeia Brasileira/Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Brasília: Anvisa, 2021.
  13. Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Memento Fitoterápico da Farmacopeia Brasileira. Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. ANVISA. Brasília: Anvisa, 2016.
  14. Brasil. Ministério da Saúde.Relação Nacional de Plantas Medicinais de Interesse ao Sistema Único de Saúde (Renisus)/ Ministério da Saúde. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2009.
  15. Franci C, Anselmo-Franci JA. Capítulo 71 - Gônadas - Sistema Genital Feminino. In: Aires MM et al. Fisiologia. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 2018. ISBN 9788527734011.
  16. De Sanctis V et al. Primary Dysmenorrhea in Adolescents: Prevalence, Impact and Recent Knowledge. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. 2015; 13: 512–520. [acesso em: 10 Nov 2022]. ISSN 1565-4753. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26841639/].
  17. Barcikowska Z, Rajkowska-Labon E, Grzybowska ME, Hansdorfer-Korzon R, Zorena K. Inflammatory markers in dysmenorrhea and therapeutic options. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 13; 17(4): 1191. [acesso em: 10 Nov 2022]. ISSN 1660-4601. [https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041191].
  18. Xu Y, Zhao W, Li T, Bu H, Zhao Z, Zhao Yet al. Effects of acupoint-stimulation for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea compared with NSAIDs: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 19 RCTs. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017; 17: 436-436. [acesso em: 10 Nov 2022]. ISSN 1472-6882. [https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-017-1924-8].
  19. Rosenwaks Z, Seegar-Jones G. Menstrual pain: its origin and pathogenesis. Reprod Med. 1980; 25(4 Suppl): 207-12. ISSN 2673-3897. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7001019/].
  20. Finn CA. Implantation, menstruation and inflammation. Biol Rev Camb Philosphical Soc. 1986; 61: 313–328. [acesso em: 10 Nov 2022]. ISSN 1469-185X. [https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-185x.1986.tb00657.x].
  21. Marjoribanks J, Ayeleke RO, Farquhar C, Proctor M. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for dysmenorrhoea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015. [Acesso em: 16 Nov 2022]. ISSN 1469-493X. [https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001751.pub3].
  22. Sharghi M, Mansurkhani SM, Larky DA, Kooti W, Niksefat M, Firoozbakht M et al. An update and systematic review on the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. JBRA Assist Reprod. 2019; 23(1): 51-57. [acesso em: 17 Nov 2022]. ISSN 1518-0557. [https://doi.org/10.5935/1518-0557.20180083].
  23. Van Andel T, Boer HJ, Barnes J, Vandebroek I. Medicinal plants used for menstrual disorders in Latin America, the Caribbean, sub-Saharan Africa, South and Southeast Asia and their uterine properties: a review. J Ethnopharmacol. 2014; 155(2): 992-1000. [acesso em: 8 Nov 2022]. ISSN 0378-8741. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2014.06.049].
  24. Guimarães I, Póvoa AM. Primary Dysmenorrhea: Assessment and Treatment. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2020; 42(8): 501-507. [acesso em: 10 Nov 2022]. ISSN 1806-9339. [https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1712131].
  25. Duvan CI, Cumaoglu A, Turhan NO, Karasu C, Kafali H. Oxidant/antioxidant status in premenstrual syndrome. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2011; 283: 299–304. [acesso em: 1 Nov 2022]. ISSN 0932-0067 [https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-009-1347-y].
  26. Dalton K. Progesterone, fluid and eletrolytes in pré-menstrual syndrome. Br Med J. 1980; 281: 1008-9. [acesso em: 1 Nov 2022]. ISSN 0959-8138. [https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.280.6224.1161].
  27. Prado, RAA e Alves, DL. Fitomedicamentos na Síndrome da Tensão Pré-Mentrual. In: Fitomedicamentos na Prática Ginecológica e Obstétrica. 2ª ed. São Paulo: Editora Atheneu, 2009.p. 47-54. ISBN 108538800566.
  28. Heidari H, Amani R, Feizi A. et al. Vitamin D Supplementation for Premenstrual Syndrome-Related inflammation and antioxidant markers in students with vitamin D deficient: a randomized clinical trial. Sci Rep. 2019; 9(14939). [acesso em: 10 Nov 2022]. [https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-51498-x].
  29. Sacher J, Zsido RG, Barth B et al. Increase in serotonin transporter binding in patients with premenstrual dysphoric disorder across the menstrual cycle: a case-control longitudinal neuroreceptor ligand positron emission tomography imaging study. Biolog Psychiatry. 2023, [acesso em: 1 Nov 2022]. ISSN 0006-3223. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.12.023].
  30. Magnay JL, Khaled MKI, Mphil GC, CioniL, Jones PW, O'Brien S. Serotonin transporter, tryptophanhydroxylase, and monoamine oxidase A gene polymorphisms in pré-menstrual dysphoric disorder. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 195(5): 1254-1259. [acesso em: 1 Nov 2022]. ISSN 0002-9378. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2006.06.087].
  31. Hofmeister S, Bodden S. Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder. Am Fam Physician. 2016 Aug 1; 94(3): 236-40. [acesso em: 1 Nov. 2022]. ISSN 0002-838X. [pmid:27479626].[https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2016/0801/p236.html].
  32. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. The Prisma Group. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses: The PRISMA Statement. PLoS Med. 2009; 6(7): e1000097. [acesso em: 5 Nov 2022]. ISSN 1549-1676. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed1000097].
  33. Heidarifar R, Mehran N, Heidari A, Tehran HA, Koohbor M, Mansourabad MK. Effect of Dill (Anethumgraveolens) on the severity of primary dysmenorrhea in compared with mefenamic acid: a randomized, double-blind trial. J Res Med Sci. 2014; 19(4): 326-30. [acesso em: 17 Nov 2022]. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25097605/].
  34. Jaafarpour M, Hatefi M, Najafi F et al. The effect of cinnamonon menstrual bleeding and systemic symptoms with primary dysmenorrhea. Iranian Red Cres Med J. 2015; 17: e27032. [acesso em: 18 Nov 2022]. [https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.17(4)2015.27032].
  35. Jahangirifar M, Taebi M, Dolatian M. O efeito da canela na dismenorreia primária: um ensaio clínico randomizado e duplo-cego. Complemento Ther Clin Pract. 2018; 33: 56–60. [acesso em: 18 Nov. 2022]. ISSN 1744-3881. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.08.001].
  36. Bokaie M, Farajkhoda T, Enjezab B et al. Oral fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) drop effect on primary dysmenorrhea: Effectiveness of herbal drug. Iran J NursMidwifery Res. 2013; 18(2): 128–132. [acesso em: 19 Nov 2022]. ISSN 2228-5504.[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23983742/].
  37. Ghodsi Z, Asltoghiri M. The effect of fennel on pain quality, symptoms, and menstrual duration in primary dysmenorrhea. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2014 Oct; 27(5): 283-6. [acesso em: 19 Nov 2022]. ISSN 1083-3188. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2013.12.003].
  38. Modaress NV, Asadipour M. Comparison of the effectiveness of fennel and mefenamic acid on pain intensity in dysmenorrhoea. East Mediterr Health J. 2006 May-Jul; 12(3-4): 423-7. [acesso em: 20 Nov 2022]. ISSN 1020-3397. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17037712/].
  39. Abdnezhad R, Simbar M, Sheikhan Z, Mojab F, Nasiri M. Salvia officinalis Reduces the Severity of the Premenstrual Syndrome. Complement Med Res. 2019; 26(1): 39-46. [acesso em: 23 Nov 2022]. ISSN 2504-2106. [https://doi.org/10.1159/000490104].
  40. Pattanittum P, Kunyanone N, Brown J, Sangkomkamhang US, Barnes J, Seyfoddin Vet al. Dietary supplements for dysmenorrhoea. Cochrane Data Base Syst Rev. 2016; Mar 22; 3(3): CD002124. [acesso em: 23 Nov 2022]. ISSN 1469-493X. [https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002124.pub2].
  41. Su KH, Su SY, Ko CY, Cheng YC, Huang SS, Chao J. Ethnopharmacological Survey of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacy Prescriptions for Dysmenorrhea. Front Pharmacol. 2021 Dec 21; 12: 746777. [acesso em: 23 Nov 2022]. ISSN 16639812. [https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.746777].
  42. Jiao M, Liu X, Ren Y, Wang Y, Cheng L, Liang Yet al. Comparisonof Herbal Medicines Used for Women's Menstruation Diseases in Different Areas of the World. Front Pharmacol. 2022 Feb; 4; 12: 751207. [acesso em: 23 Nov. 2022]. ISSN 1663-9812. [https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.751207].
  43. De Boer HJD, Cotingting C. Medicinal plants for women's healthcare in southeast Asia: a meta-analysis of their traditional use, chemical constituents, and pharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol. 2014; 151(2): 747-767. ISSN 0378-8741. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.11.030].
  44. Xu Y, Yang Q, Wang X. Efficacy of herbal medicine (cinnamon/fennel/ginger) for primary dysmenorrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Int Med Res.2020 Jun; 48(6):. [acesso em: 23 Nov. 2022]. ISSN 0300-0605. [https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060520936179].
  45. Shahrahmani H, Ghazanfarpour M, Shahrahmani N, Abdi F, Sewell RDE, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Effect of fennel on primary dysmenorrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Complement Integr Med. 2021; Jan 11; 18(2): 261-269. [acesso em: 23 Nov. 2022]. ISSN1553-3840. [https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2019-0212].
  46. Maleki-Saghooni N, Karimi FZ, Moghadam BZ, Najmabadi MK. The effectiveness and safety of Iranian herbal medicines for treatment of pré-menstrual syndrome: a systematic review. Avicenna J Phytomed. 2018 Mar-Apr; 8(2): 96-113. [acesso em: 23 Nov. 2022]. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29632841/].
  47. Lee HW, Ang L, Lee MS, Alimoradi Z, Kim E. Fennel for reducing pain in primary dysmenorrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrients. 2020 Nov 10; 12(11): 3438. [acesso em: 23 Nov 2022]. ISSN 2072-6643. [https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12113438].
  48. Nieves-Vázquez CI, Detrés-Marquéz AC, Torres-Reverón A et al. Feasibility and acceptability of adapted environmental enrichment intervention for endometriosis: a pilot study. Front Glob Women's Health. 2022; 3. [acesso em: 25 Nov 2022]. ISSN 2673-5059. [https://doi.org/10.3389/fgwh.2022.1058559].
  49. Aksoy AN, Gözükara I, KabilKucur S. Fructus agni casti in primary dysmenorrhea. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2014; 40: 779-784. [acesso em: 25 Nov. 2022]. ISSN 1341-8076. [https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.12221].
  50. Cerqueira RO, Frey BN, Leclerc E, Brietzke E. Vitex agnus castus for pré-menstrual syndrome and pré-menstrual dysphoric disorder: a systematic review. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2017 Dec; 20(6): 713-719. [acesso em: 25 Nov. 2022]. ISSN 1434-1816. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-017-0791-0].
  51. Csupor D, Lantos T, Hegyi P et al. Vitex agnus-castus in pré-menstrual syndrome: A meta-analysis of double-blind randomised controlled trials. Complement Ther Med. 2019 Dec; 47: 102190. [acesso em: 25 Nov. 2022]. ISSN 0965-2299. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2019.08.024].
  52. Momoeda M, Sasaki H, Tagashira E, Ogishima M, Takano Y, Ochiai K. Efficacy and safety of Vitex agnus-castus extract for treatment of pré-menstrual syndrome in Japanesepatients: a prospective, open-labelstudy. Adv Ther. 2014 Mar; 31(3): 362-73. [acesso em: 25 Nov 2022]. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-014-0106-z].
  53. Verkaik S, Kamperman AM, van Westrhenen R, Schulte PFJ. The treatment of pré-menstrual syndrome with preparations of Vitex agnus castus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Aug; 217(2): 150-166. [acesso em: 25 Nov 2022]. ISSN 0002-9378. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2017.02.028].
  54. Van Die MD, Burger HG, Teede HJ, Bone KM. Vitex agnus-castus extracts for female reproductive disorders: a systematic review of clinical trials. Pl Med. 2013 May; 79(7): 562-75. [acesso em: 25 Nov 2022]. ISSN 0032-0943. [https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1327831].
  55. Valécio M. Brasil produz apenas 5% dos IFAS que necessita. ICTQ. [acesso em: 22 mar 2023]. Disponível em: [https://ictq.com.br/industria-farmaceutica/2589-brasil-produz-apenas-5-dos-ifas-que-necessita].
  56. Borreli F, Ernst E. Black cohosh (Cimifuga racemosa) for menopausal symptoms: a systematic review of its efficacy. Pharmacol Res. 2008; 58(1): 8-14. ISSN 1043-6618. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2008.05.008].
  57. Winterhoff H et al. Cimifuga extract BNO 1055: reduction of hot flushes and hints on antidepressant activity. Maturitas. 2003; 44(1): S51-S58. ISSN 0378-5122. [https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5122(02)00348-1].
  58. Barnes J, Anderson LA, Phillipson J. Barnes J. Fitoterápicos. 3ª ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2012. ISBN 9788536325712.
  59. Al-Snafi AE. The pharmacological importance of Anethum graveolens. A Review. Int J Pharm. Pharm. 2014; 6(4). ISSN 2656-0097. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267030666_The_pharmacological_importance_of_Anethum_graveolensA_review#:].
  60. Shekhawat GS, Jana S. Phytochemical anlysis and antibacterial screening of in vivo and in vitroextracts of indian medicinal herb: anethum graveolens. Res J Medicinal Plant.2010; 4(4): 206-212. ISSN 2151-7924. [https://doi.org/10.3923/rjmp.2010.206.212].
  61. Alonso JR.Tratado de fitomedicina:bases clínicas y farmacológicas. Buenos Aires: Isis;1998.
  62. Izzo AA. Interactions between her bs and conventional drugs:overview of the clinical data. Med Princ Pract. 2012; 21:404-28. ISSN 1011-7571. [https://doi.gov/10.1159/000334488].
  63. Ling F, Xiao X-F, Liu C-X, Xin H. Recent advance in studies on Angelica sinensis. CHM. 2012; 4: 12-25. ISSN 1674-6384.[https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6384.2012.01.004].
  64. Liu W, Li W, Sui Y et al. Structure characterization and anti-leukemia activity of a novel polysaccharide from Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels. IntJ Bio Macromol. 2019; 121: 161-72. ISSN 0141-8130. [https://doi.gov/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.213].
  65. Bora KS, Sharma A. The genus Artemisia: a comprehensive review. Pharm Biol. 2011; 49: 101-9. ISSN 1388-0209. [https://doi.gov/10.3109/13880209.2010.497815].
  66. Abiri R, Silva ALM, de Mesquita LSS et al. Towards better understanding of Artemisia vulgaris: Botany, phytochemistry, pharmacological and biotechnological potential. Food Res Int. 2018; 109: 403-15. ISSN 0963-9969. [https://doi.gov/10.1016/j.foodres.2018.03.072].
  67. Passos CS, Arbo MD, Rates MSK, Von PoserGL. Terpenoides com atividade sobre o Sistema Nervoso Central. Ver Bras Farmacog. 2009 Jan./Mar.; 19(1A): 140-9. ISSN 0102-695x. [https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-695X2009000100024].
  68. Newall CA, Anderson LA, David Phillipson J. Plantas Medicinais: guia para profissional de saúde. São Paulo: Editora Premier. 2002. ISBN 8586067296
  69. Sousa MP,Matos MEO, Matos FJA et al. Constituintes químicos de plantas medicinais brasileiras. Fortaleza: UFC;1991.
  70. Medeiros MSTC. Interações entre plantas medicinais recomendadas pela Anvisa e Fármacos: uma revisão de literatura. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso. Maceió; 2020. 102p. [Bacharelado em Farmácia] – Universidade Federal de Alagoas, UFAL. Maceió. 2020.
  71. Ali Z, Smillie TJ, Khan IA. Cholestane steroid glycosides from the rhizomes of Dioscorea villosa (wild yam). Carbohydr Res. 2013; 370: 86-91. ISSN 0008-6215. [https://doi.gov/10.1016/j.carres.2012.12.022].
  72. Lima CM et al. Bioassay-guided evaluation of Dioscorea villosa - acute and subchronic toxicity, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory approach. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2013; 13(1): 195. ISSN 1472-6882. [https://doi.gov/10.1186/1472-6882-13-195].
  73. Manda VV, Dale OR, ALI, Khan IA, Khan SI. Determination of drug interaction potential of the constituents of Dioscorea villosa and Labisia pumila. Pl Med. 2013. ISSN 0032-0943. [https://doi.gov/10.1055/s-0033-1348622].
  74. Wojcikowski K, Wohlmuth H, Johnson DW, Gobe G. Dioscorea villosa (wild yam) induces chronic kidney injury via pro-fibrotic pathways. Food Chem Toxicol. 2008; 46: 3122-31. ISSN 0278-6915. [https://doi.gov/10.1016/j.fct.2008.06.090].
  75. He W, Huang B. A review of chemistry and bioactivities of a medicinal spice: Foeniculum vulgare. J Med Plantres. 2011; 5(16): 3595-600. ISSN 2151-7924. [https://academicjournals.org/journal/JMPR/article-full-text-pdf/CC54AE220695].
  76. Brandão MG, Cosenza GP, Marques LC. Influence of the preparation method on the low efficacy of multi-herb comercial products: the example of João da Costa e Associações. Rev Bras Farmacog. 2010; 20: 250-5. ISSN 0102-695x. [https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-695X2010000200019].
  77. Cornelius MTF. Atividades biológicas e identificação dos constituintes químicos isolados das espécies vegetais: Plumeria lancifolia Müll. Arg. (Apocynaceae) e Solanum crinitum Lam. sudada por Xenohyla truncata Izecksohn, 1998. Rio de Janeiro, 2006. Tese de Doutorado [Química de Produtos Naturais] - Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro, 2006.
  78. Cunha JLS, Silva AF, Lima-Júnior FDAA, Oliveira RM, Almeida BM, Albuquerque-Júnior RLC. Healing Potential of a Photopolymerizable Gelatin-Based Hydrogel Containing Ethanolic Extract of Himatanthus bracteatus. Oral Surg, Oral Med, Oral Patholog. OralRadiol. 2018; 126: e156-e157. ISSN 2212-4411. [https://doi.gov/10.3390/ijms232315176].
  79. Rattman YD, Terluk MR, Souza WM et al. Effects of alkaloids of Himatanthus lancifolius (Muell. Arg.) Woodson, Apocynaceae, on smooth muscle responsiveness. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005; 100: 268-75. ISSN 0378-8741.[https://doi.gov/10.1016/j.jep.2005.02.041].
  80. Scremin FM, Fabro PR, Debiase JZ. Leonurus sibiricus L.:farmacobotânica e fitoquímica. Rev Pes In Farm. 2012; 4(1). ISSN 2176-9532.
  81. Horto Didático de Plantas Medicinais do HU/CCS, 2023. Disponível em: [https://hortodidatico.ufsc.br/]. [acesso em: 02 jan. 2023].
  82. Bouyahya A, Chamkhi I, Benali T, Guaouguaou F, Balahbib A, Omari NE et al. Traditional use, phytochemistry, toxicology, and pharmacology of Origanum majorana L. J Ethnopharmacol. 2021; 265. ISSN 0378-8741. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2020.113318].
  83. Wyk B, Wink M. Medicinal Plants of the World. Portland: Cabi. 2017. ISBN: 9781786393258
  84. Artz MB. Vitex agnus-castus. Herbal Products: Springer; 2007: p. 245-58.
  85. Heinrich M, Barnes J, Gibbons S, Williamson EM, Heinrich M. Phytopharmacy: na evidence-based guide to herbal medicinal products. John Wiley & Sons; 2015.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

PDF (Portuguese)
HTML (Portuguese)
Save bookmark

Author(s)

Metrics

  • Article viewed 121 time(s)

How to Cite

1.
Scientific evidence of medicinal plants in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea and premenstrual syndrome: Integrative Review. Rev Fitos [Internet]. 2024 Mar. 7 [cited 2024 Dec. 22];18(Suppl. 3):e1634. Available from: https://revistafitos.far.fiocruz.br/index.php/revista-fitos/article/view/1634
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright (c) 2024 Revista Fitos

Report an error