Obtenção de Nanoformulações do Tipo Microemulsão Objetivando a Biodisponibilização de Anacardium occidentale e sua Eficiência como Agente Antioxidante

M. A. M. Maciel; F. E. S. Gomes; G. C. Anjos; T. N. C. Dantas; A. Esteves; A. Echevarria

doi:10.32712/2446-4775.2006.61

Nanoformulations Type Microemulsion System Aiming the Bioavailability of Anacardium occidentale and its Antioxidant Effectiveness

Vol. 2 No. 03 (2006)
82-88
17/10/2013
01/12/2006
https://doi.org/10.32712/2446-4775.2006.61

M. A. M. Maciel
F. E. S. Gomes
G. C. Anjos
T. N. C. Dantas
A. Esteves
A. Echevarria

Keywords

Microemulsion

Anacardium occidentale

Tannins

Antioxidant Activity

Abstract

Two different microemulsions systems (SME) were performed using a mixture of Tween 80 and Span 20 (3:1) as surfactant, isopropyl myristate as oil phase, and bidistilled water consisting on two different compositions (SME-1 AND SME-4). In one of these systems ethanol was included as cosurfactant (SME-1) and for SME-4 ethanol-free, which were used as solubilizing agent on evaluation of the antioxidant potential of Anacardium occidentale. The antioxidant activity of a methanolic extract (MeOH, obtained from stem bark of this plant), as well as its two fractions FO (fixed oil) and FT (a polar fraction rich in tannin) were evaluated in DPPHmethod. Due to the poor solubility of the tannin fraction, it was evaluated after its solubilization in SME-1 and SME-4 systems. The obtained results showed high antioxidant activity for MeOH extract (CE50 = 42,47 0,14 g/mL) and FT (CE50 = 39,27 1,07 g/mL for FT-SME-1, and CE50 = 42,20 5,20 g/mL for FT-SME-4), but no activity for the FO fraction at 710 g/mL was confirmed. These results indicated that the antioxidant activity of the MeOH extract corresponded to the presence of tannins constituents. The tested microemulsions systems do not caused any significant interference in the antioxidant activity results evidenced on the FT-SME-1 and FT-SME-4 fractions.

References

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ALVAREZ-FIGUEROA, M.J.; BLANCO-MÉNDEZ, J. Transdermal delivery of methotrexate: iontophoretic delivery from hydrogels and passive delivery from microemulsions. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, v.215, n.1-2, p.57-65, 2001.
AZEVEDO, C.H.M.; CARVALHO, J.P.; VALDUGA, C.J.; MARANHÃO, R.C. Plasma kinetics and uptake by tumor of a cholesterol-rich microemulsion (LDE) associated to etoposide oleate in patients with ovarian carcinoma. Gynecologic Oncology, v.97, n.1, p.178-182, 2005.
CHANWITHEESUK, A.; TEERAWUTGULRAG, A.; RAKARIYATHAM, N. Screening of antioxidant activity and antioxidant compounds of some edible plants of Thailand. Food Chemistry, v.92, n.3, p.491-497, 2005.
CORTESI, R.; ESPOSITO, E.; MAIETTI, A.; MENEGATTI, E.; NASTRUZZI, C. Formulation study for the antitumor drug camptothecin: liposomes, micellar solutions and a microemulsion. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, v.159, n.1, p.95-103, 1997.
DALMORA, M.E.; DALMORA, S.L.; OLIVEIRA, A.G. Inclusion complex of piroxicam with â-cyclodextrin and incorporation in cationic microemulsion. In vitro drug release and in vivo topical anti-inflammatory effect. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, v.222, n.1, p.45-55, 2001.
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LAWRENCE, M.J.; REES, G.D. Microemulsion-based media as novel drug delivery systems. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, v.45, n.1, p.89-121, 2000.
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MENSOR, L.L.; MENEZES, F.S.; LEITÃO, G.G.; REIS, A.S.; SANTOS, T.C.; COUBE, C.S.; LEITÃO, S.G. Screening of Brazilian plant extracts for antioxidant activity by the use of DPPH free radical method. Phytoterapy Research, v.15, n.2, p.127-130, 2001.
OLIVEIRA, A.G.; SCARPA, M.V.; CORREA, M.A.; CERA, L.F.R.; FORMARIZ, T.P. Microemulsões: estrutura e aplicações como sistema de liberação de fármacos. Química Nova, v.27, n.1, p.131-138, 2004.
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TREVISAN, M.T.S; PFUNDSTEIN, B.; HAUBNER, R.; WUERTELE, G.; SPIEGELHALDER, B.; BARTSCH, H.; OWEN, R.W. Characterization of alkyl phenols in cashew
(Anacardium occidentale) products and assay of their antioxidant capacity. Food and Chemical Toxicology, v.44, n.2, p.188-197, 2006.
WARISNOICHAROEN, W.; LANSLEY, A.B.; LAWRENCE, M.J. Nonionic oil-in-water microemulsions: the effect of oil type on phase behaviour, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, v.198, n.1, p.7-27, 2000.

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Author(s)

M. A. M. Maciel
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Departamento de Química, Campus Universitário, 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brasil
F. E. S. Gomes
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Departamento de Química, Campus Universitário, 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brasil
G. C. Anjos
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Departamento de Química, Campus Universitário, 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brasil
T. N. C. Dantas
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Departamento de Química, Campus Universitário, 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brasil
A. Esteves
Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 23851-970 Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
A. Echevarria
Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 23851-970 Seropédica, RJ, Brasil

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Nanoformulations Type Microemulsion System Aiming the Bioavailability of Anacardium occidentale and its Antioxidant Effectiveness. Rev Fitos [Internet]. 2006 Dec. 1 [cited 2025 Feb. 16];2(03):82-8. Available from: https://revistafitos.far.fiocruz.br/index.php/revista-fitos/article/view/61

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

[1] ALANY, R.G.; TUCKER, I.G.; DAVIES, N.M.; RADES, T. Characterizing colloidal structures of pseudoternary phase diagrams formed by oil/water/amphiphile systems. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, v.27, n.1, p.31-38, 2001.

[2] ALVAREZ-FIGUEROA, M.J.; BLANCO-MÉNDEZ, J. Transdermal delivery of methotrexate: iontophoretic delivery from hydrogels and passive delivery from microemulsions. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, v.215, n.1-2, p.57-65, 2001.

[3] AZEVEDO, C.H.M.; CARVALHO, J.P.; VALDUGA, C.J.; MARANHÃO, R.C. Plasma kinetics and uptake by tumor of a cholesterol-rich microemulsion (LDE) associated to etoposide oleate in patients with ovarian carcinoma. Gynecologic Oncology, v.97, n.1, p.178-182, 2005.

[4] CHANWITHEESUK, A.; TEERAWUTGULRAG, A.; RAKARIYATHAM, N. Screening of antioxidant activity and antioxidant compounds of some edible plants of Thailand. Food Chemistry, v.92, n.3, p.491-497, 2005.

[5] CORTESI, R.; ESPOSITO, E.; MAIETTI, A.; MENEGATTI, E.; NASTRUZZI, C. Formulation study for the antitumor drug camptothecin: liposomes, micellar solutions and a microemulsion. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, v.159, n.1, p.95-103, 1997.

[6] DALMORA, M.E.; DALMORA, S.L.; OLIVEIRA, A.G. Inclusion complex of piroxicam with â-cyclodextrin and incorporation in cationic microemulsion. In vitro drug release and in vivo topical anti-inflammatory effect. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, v.222, n.1, p.45-55, 2001.

[7] DJORDJEVIC, L.; PRIMORAC, M.; STUPAR, M.; KRAJISNIK, D. Characterization of caprylocaproyl macrogolglycerides based microemulsion drug delivery vehicles for an amphiphilic drug, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, v.271, n.1-2, p.11-19, 2004.

[8] FLORENCE, A.T. Nanoparticle uptake by the oral route: Fulfilling its potential? Drug Discovery Today, v.2, n.1, p.75-81, 2005.

[9] FORMARIZ, T.P.; URBAN, M.C.C.; SILVA JR., A.A.; GREMIÃO, M.P.D.; OLIVEIRA, A.G. Microemulsões e fases líquidas cristalinas como sistemas de liberação de fármacos. Revista Brasileira de Ciências Farmacêuticas, v.41, n.3, p.301-313, 2005.

[10] GONÇALVES, J.L.S.; LOPES, R.C.; OLIVEIRA, D.B.; COSTA, S.S.; MIRANDA, M.M.F.S.; ROMANOS, M.T.V.; SANTOS, N.S.O.; WIGG, M.D. In vitro anti-rotavirus activity of some medicinal plants used in Brazil against diarrhea. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, v.99, n.3, p.403-407, 2005.

[11] KAWAKAMI, K.; YOSHIKAWA, T.; MOROTO, Y.; KANAOKA, E.; TAKAHASHI, K.; NISHIHARA, Y.; MASUDA, K. Microemulsion formulation for enhanced absorption of poorly soluble drugs. I. Prescription design, Journal of Controlled Release, v.81, n.1-2, p.65-74, 2002.

[12] LAWRENCE, M.J.; REES, G.D. Microemulsion-based media as novel drug delivery systems. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, v.45, n.1, p.89-121, 2000.

[13] LEE, P.J.; LANGER, R.; SHASTRI, V.P. Novel microemulsion enhancer formulation for simultaneous transdermal delivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. Pharmaceutical Research, v.20, n.2, p.7-27, 2003.

[14] LI, P.; GHOSH, A.; WAGNER, R.F.; KRILL, S.; JOSHI, Y.M.; SERAJUDDIN, A.T.M. Effect of combined use of nonionic surfactant on formation of oil-in-water microemulsions. International Journal of Pharmaceutis, v.288, n.1, p.27-34, 2005.

[15] LYONS, K.C.; CHARMAN, W.N.; MILLER, R.; PORTER, C.J.H. Factors limiting the oral bioavailability of N-acetylglucosaminylN-acetylmuramyl dipeptide (GMDP) and enhancement of absorption in rats by delivery in a water-in-oil microemulsion, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, v.199, n.1, p.17-28, 2000.

[16] MENSOR, L.L.; MENEZES, F.S.; LEITÃO, G.G.; REIS, A.S.; SANTOS, T.C.; COUBE, C.S.; LEITÃO, S.G. Screening of Brazilian plant extracts for antioxidant activity by the use of DPPH free radical method. Phytoterapy Research, v.15, n.2, p.127-130, 2001.

[17] OLIVEIRA, A.G.; SCARPA, M.V.; CORREA, M.A.; CERA, L.F.R.; FORMARIZ, T.P. Microemulsões: estrutura e aplicações como sistema de liberação de fármacos. Química Nova, v.27, n.1, p.131-138, 2004.

[18] SILVA, S.; TASSARA, H. Frutas no Brasil. 4.ed. São Paulo: Empresa das Artes, 1996.

[19] TREVISAN, M.T.S; PFUNDSTEIN, B.; HAUBNER, R.; WUERTELE, G.; SPIEGELHALDER, B.; BARTSCH, H.; OWEN, R.W. Characterization of alkyl phenols in cashew

[20] (Anacardium occidentale) products and assay of their antioxidant capacity. Food and Chemical Toxicology, v.44, n.2, p.188-197, 2006.

[21] WARISNOICHAROEN, W.; LANSLEY, A.B.; LAWRENCE, M.J. Nonionic oil-in-water microemulsions: the effect of oil type on phase behaviour, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, v.198, n.1, p.7-27, 2000.