Species grown in the medicinal plant garden of UNIPAR campus 2 with anti-inflammatory action against joint diseases: review

Heris Lorenzi dos Santos Perfeito
OrcID
Mariana Moraes Pinc
OrcID
Joice Karina Otenio
OrcID
José Ricardo Matiussi
OrcID
Daniela de Cassia Faglioni Boleta Ceranto
OrcID
Odair Alberton
OrcID
Emerson Luiz Botelho Lourenço
OrcID
Ezilda Jacomassi
OrcID

    Heris Lorenzi dos Santos Perfeito

    Paranaense University (UNIPAR), Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Zona III, CEP 87502-210, Umuarama, PR, Brazil.

    OrcID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1798-7871

    Mariana Moraes Pinc

    Paranaense University (UNIPAR), Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Zona III, CEP 87502-210, Umuarama, PR, Brazil.

    OrcID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1004-3680

    Graduated in Industrial Chemistry from Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR, Headquarters), where she received the title of best student of the course in 2019. She participated in the UNIPAR research program as PIBIC. She has a master's degree in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products from Universidade Paranaense (2022), taxi driver (PROSUP / CAPES). Currently, she is a doctoral candidate in Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture at Universidade Paranaense, with a scholarship (PROSUP / CAPES).

    Joice Karina Otenio

    Paranaense University (UNIPAR), Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Zona III, CEP 87502-210, Umuarama, PR, Brazil.

    OrcID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-0456

    Graduated in Generalist Pharmacy from Universidade Paranaense - UNIPAR (2016). She started graduation in the Generalist Pharmacy course in 2012. She participated in the Regional Council of Pharmacy of Paraná Júnior (CRF-PR Júnior) and the Medicinal Garden Extension Project of campus 2 of UNIPAR in Umuarama, during the five years of graduation. She was monitor of the disciplines of Human Anatomy, Botany and Hematology. She participated in UNIPAR's research program as PIBIC and PIC. In 2016 she did an extracurricular internship at Vitalle Farmácia de Manipulação in the quality control sector. She worked at the Empresa Laboratório Reunidos de Umuarama as a Pharmacist-Biochemist in the areas of Immunology, Uroanalysis, Cytology, Microbiology, Parasitology, Hematology and Biochemistry. Responsible for the Microbiology/Cytology sector (2017/2019). Technical scholarship from Fundação Araucária to support the Implementation of Multi-User Laboratories at UNIPAR. Master by the Professional Master's Program in Medicinal and Herbal Plants in Primary Care - UNIPAR / Umuarama (2020).

    José Ricardo Matiussi

    Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR), Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Zona III, CEP 87502-210, Umuarama, PR, Brasil.

    OrcID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9899-7993

    Graduated in Data Processing from Centro Universitário Filadélfia (1997). He is currently a professor at the State of Paraná Education Secretariat, acting as Reginal Coordinator of Technology in Education, at the Regional Nucleus of Education in Goioerê. He has experience in the area of Food Science and Technology, with an emphasis on Food Science and Technology

    Daniela de Cassia Faglioni Boleta Ceranto

    Paranaense University (UNIPAR), Higher Institute of Dental Sciences and Techniques. Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Zona III, Umuarama, Paraná, CEP: 87.502-210

    OrcID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6654-951X

    Graduated in Dentistry from the Universidade Paranaense (1998), Master in Dentistry Oral Physiology from the State University of Campinas (2002) and PhD in Dentistry in the area of concentration Oral Physiology from the State University of Campinas (2004). Specialization in Acupuncture recognized by the Federal Council of Dentistry. Executive MAB in Business Strategies. She is currently a professor at the Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama headquarters campus, in the courses of Dentistry and Professional Master's Degree in Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines in Primary Care. She has teaching experience in the disciplines of Human Physiology, Anatomo-Physiology, Oral Diagnosis and Research Methodology, in the field of Dentistry. In the area of Oral Diagnosis, she coordinates projects with the aim of carrying out the early diagnosis of oral cancer and cancerable lesions. Member of the Human Research Ethics Committee. Member of the Boards of Dentistry Courses and of the Professional Master's Degree in Medicinal Plants at Unipar. Coordinator of the Update Course in Auriculotherapy by Unipar.

    Odair Alberton

    Paranaense University (UNIPAR), Higher Institute of Dental Sciences and Techniques. Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Zona III, Umuarama, Paraná, CEP: 87.502-210

    OrcID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4819-6669

    He holds a degree in Agronomy from the State University of Santa Catarina-UDESC (2001), a master's degree in Microbiology from the State University of Londrina-UEL (2003), a doctorate in "Production Ecology and Resource Conservation" at Wageningen University - Holland, in April 2008 , being recognized as a doctorate in agronomy by the State University of Londrina-UEL (2009) and postdoctoral internship at Embrapa-Soja in 2009 with a DTI-CNPq scholarship. He has experience in Agronomy, with emphasis on Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry, working mainly on the following subjects: soil management systems, soil biology and microbiology, mycorrhizae, Plant x microorganism interaction, symbioses, biological nitrogen fixation, medicinal and aromatic plants and meta-analyses. Collegiate member and advisor in the Graduate Program (Masters and Doctorate level) in Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture at UNIPAR (2010-2018). Coordinator, member of the collegiate and advisor in the Graduate Program (Master and Doctorate level) in Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture at UNIPAR (from 2020 to the present). Collegiate member and advisor in the Graduate Program Stricto Sensu Professional Master's Degree in Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines in Primary Care at UNIPAR (2018 to present). He completed the supervision and co-supervision of 18 master's dissertations, supervision and co-supervision of 2 doctoral theses. He is currently a Professor, in Distance Learning Distance Education in engineering courses and common cores in the disciplines of: Statistics and Operational Research and Environmental Microbiology). Member of the NDE (2021 to present) of the EAD course in agronomic engineering and Member of the NDE, Collegiate and Multidisciplinary Team of the EAD Course in Environmental Management (2019 to present). Member of CIBio-UNIPAR/CTNBio (2010-2018 and 2020 to date). Reviewer of more than 40 journals and published 106 scientific articles and 5 books since 2005. Ad hoc consultant for projects and grants for Fundação Araucária-PR, Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia de Pernambuco (FACEPE), CAPES and CNPq.

    Emerson Luiz Botelho Lourenço

    Paranaense University (UNIPAR), Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Zona III, Umuarama, Paraná, CEP: 87.502-210

    OrcID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1798-7871

    Scholarship Productivity Level - 2 Cnpq. Graduated in Pharmacy. He has a specialization in Pharmacology from Unipar (1998), a Master's degree in Toxicology and Toxicological Analysis from the University of São Paulo (2005). PhD in Pharmacology from UFPR with a concentration area in Reproductive Toxicology (2012) and Post Doctor in Pharmacology from UFPR (2015). Professor at the Universidade Paranaense since 1997. He works as a professor in the undergraduate courses of Pharmacy and Veterinary Medicine in the disciplines of Pharmacology and Toxicology respectively. Guiding professor of the Master's and Doctorate Program in Animal Science with emphasis on bioactive products. Line of Research: Veterinary Clinic, Animal Reproduction, Experimental Therapeutics. Coordinator and advisor of the Professional Master's Program in Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines in Primary Care. Line of Research: Ethnopharmacological Prospection and Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety in the use of medicinal plants and herbal medicines. Multi-campi Post-Graduation Coordinator at Unipar. He also works in the area of Consultancy and Service Provision through the company RESEARCHLAB - ASSESSORIA E CONSULTORIA TOXICO FARMACOLOGICA.

    Ezilda Jacomassi

    Paranaense University (UNIPAR), Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Zona III, Umuarama, Paraná, CEP: 87.502-210

    OrcID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0967-8427

    Graduated in Biological Sciences (1991) from the State University of Maringá (UEM). Specialization (1994) in Environmental Education from the State University of the Midwest (UNICENTRO). Master's (2000) and Doctorate (2006) in Biological Sciences, concentration area in Botany, from Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP). Full Professor at the Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR), working in Undergraduate Courses, in face-to-face and distance learning, in Biological Sciences, Agronomic Engineering and Pharmacy, in the discipline of botany. Professor of the Professional Master's Program in Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines in Primary Health Care. Coordinator of the institutional extension project ?Horto Medicinal da UNIPAR?. Main topics of action in academic works: Structural Botany, Plant Systematics, Cultivation of Medicinal Plants, Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology.

Keywords

Arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Plant species
Inflammatory mediator

Abstract

Inflammatory diseases are treated with anti-inflammatory drugs, which have numerous side effects that can restrict their use and duration. Therefore, in order to improve the health of patients suffering from inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis (AR) and osteoarthritis (OA) the present work aimed to carry out a survey in the available scientific literature of the main medicinal species with anti-inflammatory action against joint diseases, cultivated in the Medicinal Garden of Campus 2 of UNIPAR – Universidade Paranaense/Umuarama. Among the 92 species used as anti-inflammatory, only 6 were selected: Zingiber officinale, Curcuma longa, Baccharis trimera, Solidago chilenses, Cordia verbenacea, and Echinodorus grandiflorus. Studies have shown that the aforementioned medicinal plants have effects on attenuating the symptoms and pathogenesis of patients who have RA and OA, whose bioactive compounds present were effective in reducing inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins, COX, pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. With this, it is concluded that the use of medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory potential, alone or in combination with certain conventional antiarthritic drugs, can be an alternative or auxiliary therapy for the treatment of AR and OA, acting in the interruption and relief of pain, preventing damage to joints and organs.

References

  1. Ponceano MSB. Fitoquímica no tratamento da artrite reumatoide. Faro, Portugal; 2020. Dissertação de Mestrado [Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas] - Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal, 2020. [https://sapientia.ualg.pt/bitstream/10400.1/15176/1/Disserta%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20%282%29.pdf].
  2. Sohn DH, Sokolove J, Sharpe O, Erhart JC, Chandra PE, Lahey LJ et al. Plasma proteins present in osteoarthritic synovial fluid can stimulate cytokine production via Toll-like receptor 4. Arthritis Res Ther. 2012; 14(1): 1-13. ISSN 1478-6362. [https://doi.org/10.1186/ar3555].
  3. Machado CRL. Avaliação morfológica e funcional dos sinoviócitos fibroblastos símiles de pacientes com artrite reumatoide, osteoartrite e de modelo experimental. Belo Horizonte, 2020. Tese de Doutorado [Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde do Adulto] - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG. Belo Horizonte, MG, 2020. [https://repositorio.ufmg.br/handle/1843/34669].
  4. Strand V, Kimberly R, Isaacs JD. Biologic therapies in rheumatology: lessons learned, future directions. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2007; 6(1): 75-92. ISSN 1474-1784. [https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd2196].
  5. Silva BC. Predição in silico e avaliação da atividade antinociceptiva de cumarinas e saponinas obtidas de plantas do semiárido em modelo de artrite induzida por Zimosan. Feira de Santana, 2019, 79 p. Dissertação de Mestrado Acadêmico [em Biotecnologia] – Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, UEFS, Feira de Santana, 2019. [http://tede2.uefs.br:8080/handle/tede/805].
  6. Hwang JH, Jung HW, Oh SW, Kang JS, Kim JP, Park YK. Effects of Zingiber officinale extract on collagen-induced arthritis in mice and IL-1β-induced inflammation in human synovial fibroblasts. Eur J Inflamm. 2017; 15(3): 168-178. [https://doi.org/10.1177/1721727X17727997].
  7. Pelletier JP, Martel-Pelletier J, Abramson SB. Osteoarthritis, an Inflammatory Disease. Arthritis Rheum. 2001; 44(6): 1237-1247. ISSN 2326-5205. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2012.11.012] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23194896/] .
  8. Nakagawa Y, Mukai S, Yamada S, Matsuoka M, Tarumi E, Hashimoto T et al. Short-term effects of highly-bioavailable curcumin for treating knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled prospective study. J Orthop Sci. 2014; 19(6): 933-939. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s00776-014-0633-0].
  9. Marmitt DJ, Rampel C, Goettert MI, Silva AC. Plantas medicinais da RENISUS com potencial anti-inflamatório: revisão sistemática em três bases de dados científicas. Rev Fitos. 2015; 9(2): 73-159. [https://doi.org/10.5935/2446-4775.20150011].
  10. Tropicos. Missouri botanical garden W3 tropicos. Vascular trópico. Disponível em: [https://www.tropicos.org/]. Acesso em: 16 mar. 2022.
  11. Lorenzi H, Matos FJA. Plantas medicinais no Brasil: nativas e exóticas cultivadas. Nova Odessa: Instituto Plantarum, 2002. ISBN 85-86714-18-6.
  12. Mutthuraj D, Vinutha T, Gopenath TS, Kaginelli B, Karthikeyan M, Ashok G et al. Inhibition of Pro-Inflammatory Molecules by Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and its Anti-Inflammatory Effects on Arthritis Patients. J Drug Deliv Ther. 2020; 10(Supl.): 125-139. ISSN 2250-1177. [https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v10i2-s.3963].
  13. Brasil. Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Memento Terapêutico Fitoterápico da Farmacopeia Brasileira, 2016. Brasília: Anvisa, 2016. [https://www.gov.br/anvisa/pt-br/assuntos/farmacopeia/formulario-fitoterapico/MementoFitoterapico1.pdf].
  14. Altman RD, Marcussen KC. Effects of a ginger extract on a knee pain in patients with osteoarthitis. Arthritis Rheum. 2001; 44(11): 2531-2538. ISSN 2326-5205. [https://doi.org/10.1002/1529-0131(200111)44:11%3c2531::AID-ART433%3e3.0.CO;2-J] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11710709/].
  15. Lee HY, Park SH, Lee M, Kim HJ, Ryu SY, Kim ND, et al. 1‐Dehydro-[10]‐gingerdione from ginger inhibits IKKβ activity for NF‐κB activation and suppresses NF‐κB‐regulated expression of inflammatory genes. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2012; 167(1): 128-140. ISSN 0007-1188. [https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01980.x].
  16. Marchi JP, Tedesco L, Melo AC, Frasson AC. Curcuma longa L., o açafrão da terra, e seus benefícios medicinais. Arq Ciênc Saúde UNIPAR. 2017; 20(3): 1-7. ISSN 1415-076X. [https://doi.org/10.25110/arqsaude.v20i3.2016.5871].
  17. Susana MC. Curcumina: propriedades biológicas e aplicações terapêuticas. Lisboa, 2017. Monografia de Mestrado Integrado [em Ciências Farmacêuticas] - Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia. Lisboa, 2017. [https://repositorio.ul.pt/bitstream/10451/36170/1/MICF_Marta_Caldeira_Susana.pdf].
  18. Zeng L, Yu G, Hao W, Yang K, Chen H. The efficacy and safety of Curcuma longa extract and curcumin supplements on osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biosci Rep. 2021; 41(6):. ISSN 0144-8463. [https://doi.org/10.1042/BSR20210817].
  19. Karam TK, Dalposso LM, Casa DM, Freitas GBL. Carqueja (Baccharis trimera): utilização terapêutica e biossíntese. Rev Bras Pl Med. 2013; 15(2): 280-286. ISSN 1516-0572. [https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-05722013000200017].
  20. Torres LMB, Torres LMB, Gamberini MT, Roque NF, Lima-Landman MT, Souccar C et al. Diterpene from Baccharis trimera with a relaxant effect on rat vascular smooth muscle. Phytochemistry. 2000; 55(6): 617-619. ISSN 0031-9422. [https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(00)00223-5].
  21. Ferreira PA. Otimização da obtenção da associação em dose fixa do Sulfato de Hidroxicloquina e o Liófilo de Baccharis trimera (LESS.) DC.: avaliação da toxicidade experimental aguda e crônica. Recife, 2017. Tese de Doutorado [Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas] - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, UFPE, Recife, 2017. [https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/25921].
  22. Nogueira NPA, Reis PA, Laranja GAT, Pinto AC, Aiub CAF, Felzenszwalb I et al. In vitro and in vivo toxicological evaluation of extract and fractions from Baccharis trimera with anti-inflammatory activity. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011; 138(2): 513-522. ISSN 0378-8741. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.09.051].
  23. Casoti R. Estudos metabolômicos do gênero Baccharis (Asteraceae), avaliação do potencial anti-inflamatório in vitro e suas correlações através de métodos in silico. Ribeirão Preto, 2017. Tese de Doutorado [Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas] - Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, Ribeirão Preto, 2017. [https://doi.org/10.11606/T.60.2017.tde-03072017-110435].
  24. Paul EL, Lunardelli A, Caberlon E, de Oliveira CB, Santos RCV, Biolchi V et al. Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of Baccharis trimera aqueous extract on induced pleurisy in rats and lymphoproliferation in vitro. Inflammation. 2009; 32(6): 419-425. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-009-9151-1].
  25. Ferreira PA. Desenvolvimento de forma farmacêutica sólida à base de Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC. para o tratamento da artrite reumatoide. Recife, 2012. Dissertação de Mestrado [Programa de Pós-Graduação em Inovação Terapêutica] – Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, UFPE, Recife, 2012. [https://bdtd.ibict.br/vufind/Record/UFPE_8ff9a0aa73f710177b76f68f7b0ceee2].
  26. Rabelo ACS, Costa DC. A review of biological and pharmacological activities of Baccharis trimera. Chem Biol Interact. 2018; 296: 65-75. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2018.09.002].
  27. Gene RM, Cartañá C, Adzet T, Marín E, Parella T, Canigueral S. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of Baccharis trimera: identification of its active constituents. Pl Med. 1996; 62(3): 232-235. [https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-957866].
  28. Jardim PMS. Plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos: guia rápido para a utilização de algumas espécies vegetais. 2ª ed., 98p. - Brasília: Universidade de Brasília, 2016. [https://www.bibliotecaagptea.org.br/agricultura/plantas_medicinais/livros/PLANTAS%20MEDICINAIS%20E%20FITOTERAPICOS%20GUIA%20RAPIDO%20PARA%20A%20UTILIZACAO%20DE%20ALGUMAS%20ESPECIES%20VEGETAIS.pdf].
  29. Liz R, Vigil SVG, Goulart S, Izabel M, Moritz G, Schenkel EP et al. The anti-inflamatory modulatory role of Solidago chilensis Meyen in the murine model of the air pouch. Pharmacol Pharm. 2008; 60(4): 515-521. ISSN 2042-7158. [https://doi.org/10.1211/jpp.60.4.0015].
  30. Prudêncio R. Levantamento etnofarmacológico de Solidago chilensis Meyen “arnica-brasileira” (asteraceae). Criciúma, 2012. Monografia [Especialização em Ecologia e Manejo de Recursos Naturais] - Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense – UNESC, Criciúma, 2012. [http://repositorio.unesc.net/bitstream/1/1173/3/R%C3%BAlia%20Prud%C3%AAncio.pdf].
  31. Gilbert B, Favoreto R. Cordia Verbenacea DC Boraginaceae. Rev Fitos. 2012; 7(1): 17-25. [https://revistafitos.far.fiocruz.br/index.php/revista-fitos/article/view/133/131].
  32. Martim JKP, Maranho LT, Costa-Casagrande TA. Review: Role of the chemical compounds present in the essential oil and in the extract of Cordia verbenacea DC as an anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and healing product. J Ethnopharmacol. 2021; 265(1): 1-8. ISSN 1872-7573. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2020.113300].
  33. Fernandes ES, Passos GF, Medeiros R, da Cunha FM, Ferreira J, Campos MM, et al. Anti-inflammatory effects of compounds alphahumulene and trans-caryophyllene isolated from the essential oil of Cordia verbenacea. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2007; 569: 228-236. ISSN 0014-2999. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.04.059].
  34. Marques AM. Potencial químico e farmacológico de Echinodorus grandiflorus: uma espécie de uso popular com grande potencial para o desenvolvimento de um fitomedicamento no país. Rio de Janeiro, 2016, 45 f. Monografia [Programa de Pós-Graduação Gestão da Inovação em Medicamentos da Biodiversidade] - Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos/Farmanguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 2016. [https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/17711].
  35. Gasparotto FM, Palozi RAC, da Silva CHF, Pauli KB, Donadel G, Lourenço BH LB et al. Antiatherosclerotic Properties of Echinodorus grandiflorus (Cham. & Schltdl.) Micheli: From Antioxidant and Lipid-Lowering Effects to an Anti-Inflammatory Role. J Med Food. 2019; 22(9): 919-927. ISSN 1096-620X. [https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2019.0017].
  36. Dutra RC, Tavares CZ, Ferraz SO, Sousa OV, Pimenta DS. Investigação das atividades analgésica e anti-inflamatória do extrato metanólico dos rizomas de Echinodorus grandiflorus. Rev Bras Farmacogn. 2006; 16(4): 469-474. ISSN 0102-695X. [https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-695X2006000400005].
  37. Garcia EF, de Oliveira MA, Candido LC, Coelho FM, Costa VV, Queiroz-Junior, CM, et al. Effect of the Hydroethanolic Extract from Echinodorus grandiflorus Leaves and a Fraction Enriched in Flavone-C-Glycosides on Antigen-Induced Arthritis in Mice. Pl Med. 2016; 82(5): 407-413. ISSN 0032-0943. [https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1568200].
  38. Oliveira DP, Moreira TV, Batista NV, Souza-Filho JD, Amaral FA, Teixeira MM, et al. Esterification of trans-aconitic acid improves its anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced acute arthritis. Biomed. Pharmacother. 2018; 99: 87-95. ISSN 0753-3322. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.009].
  39. Marques AM, Provance-Junior DW, Kaplan MAC, Figueiredo MR. Echinodorus grandiflorus: ethnobotanical, phytochemical and pharmacological overview of a medicinal plant used in Brazil. Food Chem Toxicol. 2017; 109: 1032-1047. ISSN 0278-6915. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2017.03.026].
PDF (Portuguese)
HTML (Portuguese)
Save bookmark

Author(s)

Metrics

  • Article viewed 525 time(s)

How to Cite

1.
Species grown in the medicinal plant garden of UNIPAR campus 2 with anti-inflammatory action against joint diseases: review. Rev Fitos [Internet]. 2023 Dec. 20 [cited 2026 May 6];17(4):561-76. Available from: https://revistafitos.far.fiocruz.br/index.php/revista-fitos/article/view/1475
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Fitos

Report an error